Jalil Hariri is a Consultant Pathologist at Southern Jutland Hospital as well as SLB Hospital in Denmark. He has published several papers and oral presentations addressing primarily non-gynecological liquid-based cytology, immunocytochemistry and HPV.

The prevalence of cervical HPV among healthy females has been thoroughly studied. Studies addressing the prevalence of oropharyngeal HPV in healthy individuals are on the other hand suboptimal, despite the fact that the incidence of HPV related oropharyngeal cancer is increasing and slightly higher than cervical cancer in countries like Denmark. Two groups of anonymized volunteers were tested by self-sampled oropharyngeal brushings, where the brush head was then dumped in a SurePath® vial (BD), which is designated for pap-smear collection. Group A included 454 hospital employees (354 females and 100 males) with an average age of 40 years, and group B 292 high school students (196 females and 96 males) with an average age of 19 years. Additional samples from attendants in group B were collected in a separate vial by experienced personnel (assisted sampling). Attendant’s gender, age, no. of partners, smoking habits and sexual habits besides HPV vaccination for group B were registered. Slides for cytology and immunostaining (p16, Ki67 and ProEx-C) were processed from each vial. HPV-DNA and HPV-RNA testing were performed on PapilloCheck® (Greiner Bio-One) and the Aptima® kit (Gen-Probe/Hologic) platforms respectively. Less than 1% in both groups harbored any type of HPV-DNA and/or high-risk HPV-RNA in self-sampling as well as assisted samplings method of collection. Morphology and immunostainings added no further information. The low incidence of oropharyngeal HPV in an otherwise sexually active society may argue against public screening, although our method of collection could be questioned.

Saied Ali Barzanian has worked at UC Berkeley University, Stanford University and ProQuest, in Silicon Valley and the San Francisco bay area. He has diverse background in both academics and industries. He as an e-book specialist and Content Editor have worked on a wide variety of e-books for well-known international universities, including Harvard, Princeton, Oxford, Cambridge, Stanford, Yale, MIT and UC Berkeley universities among others educational institutions and large

publishers including Penguin Random House, Elsevier, McGraw-Hill, Wiley and Oxford University Press.

The digital world has changed our lives in every way. Education-the days when teachers used chalk, dusters and blackboards are almost at an end. Black has turned to white, in the form of interactive whiteboards. The white chalk is now digital ink printed books - Over 92% of children in the United States carry backpacks that are typically loaded with heavy books that may set them up for spine strain rather than success. Now, those books are turning into e-books and audio books which thousands of them can be stored in a USB flash drive or cloud storage. They are versatile, searchable, portable and efficient, not to mention they are much easier on your back. Digital content has revolutionized the way people distribute and access information on virtually every platform. How medical Students Benefit from Learning with interactive e-books? What is the future for paper books and ebooks? The e-books market is growing!

Grigorios Leon is the President of Hellenic Society of Forensic Medicine and is a Representative (Deputy) of Greece in the European Council of Legal Medicine. He is on the lists of experts in the County Courts of Law (Athens, Piraeus, etc.). He is a Graduate (MD) of the Medical School of the University of Rome “La Sapienza”, where he obtained two Master degrees (MSc). In 2009, he received his PhD from the Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. His research interests are in the areas of forensic pathology, medical deontology and bioethics.

Medical malpractice is defined as any act or omission by a physician during treatment of a patient that deviates from accepted norms of practice in the medical community and causes an injury to the patient. Forensic medicine today is a large medical field that includes many subareas including the investigation of medical malpractice. Autopsy, a surgical procedure performed on a recently deceased patient is the last and most complete diagnostic procedure. Carefully performed by a thoughtful, interested and experienced physician, it should reveal much of the truth about the health of the deceased patient and the mechanism of death. The medical malpractice is today a central item for the forensic pathology and the lethal medical malpractice is a specific subgroup of a wider phenomenon and a rising, central topic for the forensic pathologist. Forensic autopsies are a mandatory step in the judicial evaluation of the suspected medical malpractice. The forensic investigation on lethal medical malpractice cases must determine the cause of the patient’s death must analyze all the actions of the involved clinicians and must eventually state a causal relationship between the patient’s death and the identified malpractice. The great value of autopsies for verifying medical malpractice becomes evident by several studies. Based just on the autopsy findings the forensic pathologist is often able to rule out medical negligence.